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Prevention Blog Posts

Overview

Prevention Blog Posts

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Are school districts opposed to adopting dating abuse policies?

Many school districts are interested in developing a dating abuse policy, but look to the state law for direction. However, California Education Code does not define dating abuse or provide any guidance on how to develop an effective dating abuse policy.

Some school districts have already adopted a dating abuse policy, including Oakland Unified School District and Los Angeles Unified School District.

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What is dating abuse?

“Teen dating violence [is] far too prevalent and prevents far too many students from being able to focus on their education.”
– Kevin Jennings, the Assistant Deputy Secretary, US Department of Education

Dating abuse, also known as teen dating violence, is the use of physical, sexual, verbal, emotional, or technological conduct by a person to harm, threaten, intimidate, or control a dating partner, regardless of whether that relationship is continuing or has concluded, or the number of interactions between the individuals involved.

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School-based dating abuse prevention laws by State

Many states have passed legislation to address dating abuse in schools. Here is a summary of some of the significant laws by state, in alphabetical order.

California, once a leader in dating abuse prevention legislation, is now begin to lag behind.

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What are the distinct dynamics of dating abuse?

Because dating abuse occurs in a relationship characterized by romantic or intimate feelings, there are dynamics that are distinct from other forms of violence.

These distinctive aspects of dating abuse make it one of the most confusing and overlooked forms of violence.

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How pervasive and harmful is dating abuse?

Dating abuse is one of the most overlooked forms of violence.

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Can schools enforce protection orders?

While schools have a duty to comply with civil and criminal orders of protection, some school administrators may wonder on a practical level how school staff can enforce protection orders.

Law enforcement has the legal responsibility to enforce restraining orders, including on school campuses.

Schools have the legal responsibility to keep students safe while they are at school. It’s crucial for schools to enforce court-ordered protective orders for the safety of all students and staff who could be harmed.

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Doesn’t California Education Code already address dating abuse?

“Teen relationship violence” is mentioned in Sections 32260-32270 in reference to a 1985 program, and in Section 32228 in reference to a 1999 program, both of which are no longer funded. 

California Education Code does not define dating abuse, require schools to prohibit dating abuse, or require schools to have policies and procedures in place to address it. 

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Resources for school districts

Many resources exist to support school districts in crafting and enacting policies and procedures to address dating abuse and support healthy teen relationships.

Fact sheets

Teen Dating Violence – A Fact Sheet for Schools (US Department of Education Office of Safe and Healthy Students)

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Should schools intervene in students’ private relationships?

California schools have “an obligation to protect pupils from mistreatment from other children” and to protect the right of every student “to attend campuses which are safe, secure, and peaceful.”[1] 

California schools have an obligation to address threats to a student’s safety on campus, whether those threats come from a peer or a dating partner. The intent of AB 1880 is not to intervene in students’ private relationships, but rather to ensure that all students can be safe at school.

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Haven’t rates of violence among youth gone down?

According to the Research and Evaluation Center at John Jay College, serious violent crimes on school campuses reported by law enforcement such as rape and aggravated assault have declined since peaking in the mid-1990s.[1] This is very positive trend. Yet, a decline in serious violent crimes reported by law enforcement does not mean that schools are safe for everyone.

Dating abuse continues to be a largely overlooked problem on school campuses. 

According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention:

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Aren’t schools already addressing dating abuse on school campuses?

It may be difficult to grasp or accept, but sadly, far too many schools are not adequately addressing dating abuse on school campuses.

The dating abuse stories shared on this website help to shed light on the dynamics of dating abuse and why schools often overlook this issue.

The following factors contribute to schools’ inadequate responses:

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Shouldn’t parents be the ones responsible for their children’s safety?

Parents and guardians have a primary role in keeping their children safe. But parents must rely on schools to protect their children from harm when they are on campus. 

California students spend 6-8 hours each day, 5 days a week at school. 

Parents need to know that California schools prohibit dating abuse and have policies and procedures in place to respond to incidents. 

Parents need to know how to make a complaint if their child is in danger. 

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School-age dating abuse in California reported in the media

List below are the names, ages and locations of teens (ages 13-19) who were murdered or nearly murdered in a dating abuse incident. The names and ages of teen suspects who committed suicide after allegedly committing murder or attempted murder are also included.

2012

Myrna Umanor, 15 years old, San Leandro, California (murder) and Henry Leon, 19 years old, San Leandro, California (suicide)

Maria Clara Rafael, 19 years old, Palm Desert, California (murder)

2011

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Planning, implementing, evaluating and sustaining community-based prevention: the DELTA Story, 2/28/2012, 3-4:30 PM

Between planning prevention,implementing prevention, evaluating prevention, and sustaining prevention, where do you like to focus your efforts most? You may love to plan, or perhaps prefer to implement. But all four activities are vital to effective prevention.

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Strengthening prevention education in middle schools and high schools

The Partnership’s March Prevention Peer Network Web Conference will focus on strengthening prevention education in middle schools and high schools. During this Prevention Education Track web conference, we will share strategies for:

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Resources for parents and guardians

Parents and guardians naturally have a powerful and primary role in supporting healthy adolescent relationships and preventing dating abuse. For example, positive parent-child relationships appear to influence the development of other positive social relationships, such as relationships with friends and romantic partners [1].

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Engaging parents to support healthy teen relationships and prevent dating violence

The Partnership’s January Prevention Peer Network Web Conference focused on engaging parents to support healthy teen relationships and prevent teen dating violence (TDV). The web conference was chock full of information and insights about:

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“Celebrate the work you do to help young people love themselves, their families and their communities”: Assembly Member Lara presents Teen Dating Violence Awareness and Prevention Month Resolution


Assembly Member Ricardo Lara (D-Bell Gardens) presented the California Partnership to End Domestic Violence (the Partnership) with a copy of Assembly Concurrent Resolution 101, declaring February 2012 as Teen Dating Violence Awareness and Prevention Month at Peace Over Violence’s Violence Free Teens Conference, in Los Angeles on February 17, 2012. Assembly Member Lara spoke to an audience of 150 youth and adults and thanked us for the work we do to stop dating violence, which affects so many teens:

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Do you want to influence decisions about the laws, rules and resources that affect your community? Then raise your voice and use your power!

On February 16, 2012, Camille Hayes and Lisa Fujie Parks from the California Partnership to End Domestic Violence presented a workshop, “Raise Your Voice and Use Your Power!Advocacy for Healthy Teen Relationships and Teen Dating Violence Prevention,” at Peace Over Violence’s Violence Free Teens Conference in Los Angeles. The workshop opened with the question: “Do you want to make a difference in your community by influencing decisions about laws, rules and resources?” Participants responded with a resounding “yes!”

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Healthy relationships

Ana Marie Zipagan
Prevention Program Intern

At a South Bay Womyn’s Conference workshop called, “Expect Respect: A Conversation on Relationships,” the characteristics of a healthy relationship, and establishing boundaries, were discussed.

The facilitator of the workshop was Zephira Derblich-Milea, Youth Program Coordinator at Shalom Bayit. She started the workshop by asking the participants to think about close relationships they have with their peers, either close friends or boyfriends or girlfriends.